Tashkent, Uzbekistan (UzDaily.com) -- New problems and directions of development require the use of new tools, including those related to the distribution and use of financial resources. Over the past 15 years, the world has developed new mechanisms and investment tools aimed at solving or taking into account the problems of the ecological state of the planet.

The Institute for Forecasting and Macroeconomic Research (IPMI) analyzed the financing tools for "green" projects in the world and in Uzbekistan.

According to the latest published report by Global Landscape of Climate Finance, total climate finance in 2019-2020 was US$632 billion, of which US$321 billion was funded from public sources and US$310 billion from private sources.

Green finance tools:

1. Green loans

2. Green bonds

3. Green investment funds

4. Asset-backed securities

5. Carbon exchanges

In Uzbekistan, there is currently a gradual increase in the activity of "green" financing, and if earlier it was presented more in the form of individual projects and grants from international financial institutions, then in recent years other financing instruments have been introduced, such as "green" loans and bonds.

The government of the republic was the first in the CIS region and one of the first in the world to place government bonds aimed at targeted financing of the SDGs - Sovereign SDG Bonds on the London Stock Exchange in July 2021. The issue volume amounted to 2.5 trillion soums (about US$235 million) at 14% for a period of 3 years. The funds received will be earmarked for the implementation of activities and projects aimed at achieving 9 specific national SDGs, including the goals of "green" development.

Green instruments are highly diversified to enhance opportunities to attract non-government investment to enterprises, benefit financially from green activities, and reduce/prevent pollution of our environment.